Fig. 1
From: PDE1A polymorphism contributes to the susceptibility of nephrolithiasis
A pedigree of nephrolithiasis family with affected patients (blackened symbols) and PDE1A gene mutation which located in chr2:183,106,640. Symbols with question mark denote family members who are probably affected. Circles represent female family members, squares represent male family members, and crosses represent dead family members. Wilde-type and mutant-type are marked by a plus sign (+) and a minus sign (−). Arrows indicate probands