Fig. 1

Expression patterns across sexes, treatments and time points. a Principal component analysis (PCA) of the top 500 genes in terms of variance across individuals. Information on sex and treatment is indicated in the plot. Samples with a black border were collected at the 3 h time point, and samples without a black border were collected at the 6 h time point. The proportion of variance explained by the first two principal components is indicated beside the two axes. b Heatmap of average transformed expression values across all groups. The two time points were combined for each group to show the effects of sex and treatment because they did not show overall apparent differences in gene expression. Expression values were transformed by the vst function in DESeq2. Hierarchical clustering was conducted using one minus Pearson correlation in Morpheus. For each gene, high relative expression is indicated by warmer colors (red), and low relative expression is indicated by colder colors (blue)