Figure 3From: Effects of increased milking frequency on gene expression in the bovine mammary glandValidation of differential gene expression by quantitative real-time PCR. Relationships between the gene expression levels in cows milked 4× daily (IMF4) relative to cows milked twice daily (Control) as determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) versus microarray and SAGE approaches are illustrated. Panel A: Fold changes as determined by microarray versus qPCR (r = 0.97; P < 0.00001); Panel B: Fold changes as determined by SAGE versus qPCR (r = 0.98; P = 0.023).Back to article page