Fig. 3

TMA-synthesis enzymatic genes and TMA-associated gut microbes are enriched in AF patients. a The box plots show the relative abundance of four TMA-synthesis enzymatic genes in choline, CutC, CntA, GrdH, and TorA. Boxes stand for interquartile ranges, with lines representing medians and circles for outliers. b Relative abundance of the four TMA-enzymatic genes across CTR and AF groups, including PAF, Pers< 12 m, and Pers> 12 m. Statistical difference was defined at the standard of q-value < 0.05 via Wilcoxon rank-sum test, with P-value corrected into q-value with Benjamini-Hochberg method. Abundance profiles after transformation into Z scores through subtracting the mean abundance and divided by the standard deviation. Z scores colored in blue (negative) or red (positive) indicated row abundance less or more than the average . Genes at q-value < 0.01 are shown as an asterisk colored in dark green, q value < 0.05 with an asterisk colored in light green, and q-value ≥0.05 with an asterisk colored in gray