From: Distinct regulatory networks control toxin gene expression in elapid and viperid snakes
miRNA | Elapid 96 hpvm | Viperid 96 hpvm | Activity |
---|---|---|---|
miR-375 | Present | Absent | Multiple transcript targets predicted that relate to ubiquitin regulation, stress response, collagen biosynthesis, translation, endocytosis and trafficking (Supplemental Table 14) [103]. |
miR-148a-3p | 359,436 CPM | 140,288 CPM | Predicted to target C-type lectin-like toxin transcript in P. textilis (SNAC_5), no predicted targets in viperids (Supplemental Tables 13 and Supplemental Table 15). |
miR-21-5p | 22,809 CPM | 157,080 CPM | No predicted mRNA targets in the elapid but predicted to target the N-alpha-acetyltransferase 25 auxiliary subunit in viperid (Supplemental Table 15). |
miR-215-5p | Absent | Present | Predicted to target a SVMP transcript (SVMP_4) in C. viridis MVGs (Supplemental Table 13). |
Top ten miRNAs | Toxin transcripts targeted: Snaclecs, group I PLA2s, 3FTxs and pseutarin C. | Toxin transcripts targeted: SVMPs | Different toxin transcript targets were predicted from elapid and viperid venom glands (Supplemental Table 13). |
miRNAs over 100 CPM | mRNA transcripts targeted: Intracellular transport, catabolic processes, metabolic processes, organelle organization, and ER to Golgi mediated transport. | mRNA transcripts targeted: Regulation of mRNA processing, catabolic processes, negative regulation of cytoskeleton organization, steroid hormone receptor signal, stress granule assembly, transport, and ER stress. | Transcripts for proteins involved in different biological processes were targeted in elapid and viperid MVGs (Fig. 6). |
Pte-miR-1 | Present in the P. textilis MVG | Absent | Predicted to target 510 mRNAs expressed in the P. textilis MVG. These included transcripts for proteins involved in ER to Golgi vesicle transport, ubiquitin-dependent ERAD pathway and proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (Supplemental Fig. 8). |