Fig. 3

The upregulated core response to infection is well conserved between Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae. Bubble plots (A) display categories of genes enriched in the upregulated pan-microbial cores of Ae. aegypti and/or An. gambiae (s.l.). Black text indicates category is from TopGO. Blue text indicates custom category (either from immune gene list, or defined by the presence of InterPro domain(s)). The size of the bubble is proportional to the number of genes from the given category in the upregulated core. The placement of the bubble along the x axis corresponds to the statistical significance of the enrichment (Fisher’s exact test). Gray bubbles indicate p value ≥0.05 (not significant enrichment). B Table of selected genes in the upregulated cores of Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae. C Table of uncharacterized glycine-rich (≥13%) genes and known glycine-rich antimicrobial peptides in the upregulated cores of Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae. D A dendrogram showing sequence similarity between glycine-rich genes from the Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae cores, generated by Clustal Omega. Genes are grouped by sequence similarity across species into “types” A, B, C, D, E, and F. E Pie charts describing the orthology and functional similarities shared by the Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae upregulated cores. Heatmaps of change in expression (challenged TPM minus unchallenged TPM) of core upregulated genes in Ae. aegypti (F), and An. gambiae (H) challenged with Escherichia coli (Ec), Erwinia carotovora carotovora 15 (Ecc15), Micrococcus luteus (Ml), Enterococcus faecalis (Ef), and Candida albicans (Ca), scaled by infection, grouped by timepoint. Tallies of genes in the descending (peaked before 36 hours for at least 4/5 of conditions), ascending (peaked after 36 hours for at least 4/5 conditions), and intermediate (met neither of the previous criteria) cohorts in Ae. aegypti (G) and An. gambiae (I)